Events with tag - 14th Century

January 20, 1320

Unification of Poland by Władysław the Elbow-high

The unification of Poland by Władysław the Elbow-high was a turning point in Polish history. After nearly 200 years of feudal fragmentation, this prince managed to unite the fragmented Polish lands into one kingdom. The unification process culminated in the coronation of Władysław the Elbow-high as King of Poland on January 20, 1320, in Wawel Cathedral.

January 20, 1320

Coronation of Władysław I the Elbow-high

The coronation of Władysław I the Elbow-high as King of Poland at Wawel Cathedral on January 20, 1320, was a pivotal event in Polish history. This ceremony ended the period of feudal fragmentation and symbolically united Polish lands under one scepter. This event restored the institution of the Kingdom of Poland after nearly 200 years of interruption.

February 1, 1331

John of Luxembourg's Invasion of Lesser Poland

In February 1331, Czech forces under the command of John of Luxembourg launched an invasion of Lesser Poland. The 20,000-strong Czech army attempted to capture Kraków, but the 3,000-strong garrison under the command of Władysław the Elbow-high successfully defended the city. The invasion ended in failure for the invaders but caused significant damage to the region.

April 25, 1333

Coronation of Casimir III the Great

On April 25, 1333, Casimir III the Great was crowned King of Poland at Wawel Cathedral in Kraków. This was a turning point in Polish history, marking the beginning of a period of prosperity and development for the country. Casimir III the Great, the last king of the Piast dynasty, assumed the throne after the death of his father, Władysław I the Elbow-high.

November 1, 1335

Congress of Visegrád

Historic meeting of three rulers - Casimir the Great, John of Luxembourg and Charles Robert - in Visegrád in 1335. This event led to groundbreaking territorial arrangements and laid the foundations for international cooperation in Central Europe.

July 8, 1343

Treaty of Kalisz

The Treaty of Kalisz, signed on July 8, 1343, was a groundbreaking peace treaty between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teutonic Order. Under its terms, Poland regained Kuyavia and Dobrzyń Land, while the Teutonic Knights retained Pomerelia (Gdańsk Pomerania). The treaty ended a period of prolonged conflicts and established new principles of coexistence between the two states.

January 1, 1362

Conquest of Podolia by Casimir the Great

Casimir the Great, the last king of the Piast dynasty, made a strategic conquest of Podolia in the 1360s. The military campaign, culminating in the capture of Kamienets-Podolsky in 1362, significantly strengthened Poland's position in the east. The incorporation of this region ensured control over important trade routes and created a barrier against Tatar invasions.

May 12, 1364

Founding of the Krakow Academy

The Krakow Academy, founded by King Casimir the Great on May 12, 1364, was the second university in Central Europe. The institution was established in response to Poland's growing educational needs and aimed to educate the country's intellectual elite. It consisted of three faculties: Liberal Arts, Law, and Medicine.

September 22, 1364

Congress of Kraków

The Congress of Kraków in 1364 was the largest diplomatic event of medieval Poland, organized by King Casimir the Great. The meeting was attended by the most important monarchs of Central Europe, including Emperor Charles IV and King Louis I of Hungary. The event lasted five days and significantly influenced the balance of power in the region.

January 1, 1366

Conquest of Red Ruthenia by Casimir the Great

The conquest of Red Ruthenia by Casimir the Great was one of the most significant events in 14th-century Polish history. Between 1340-1366, the king systematically incorporated the wealthy Ruthenian lands into the Kingdom of Poland, including the strategically located Lviv. The campaign ended with the treaty of 1366, which ultimately confirmed Polish rule over this territory.

January 1, 1366

Annexation of Galicia-Volhynia to Poland

The annexation of Galicia-Volhynia (Ruthenian lands) by Casimir the Great in 1366 was one of the most significant events in medieval Polish history. This strategic move significantly expanded the state's territory, enriched it with new natural resources, and opened new trade routes. This event was the culmination of a long-term process of territorial expansion to the east.

November 5, 1370

Death of Casimir III the Great

On November 5, 1370, Casimir III the Great, the last Polish king of the Piast dynasty, died in Krakow. His death was caused by injuries sustained from falling off a horse while hunting in Przyszow. This event marked the end of Poland's Golden Age and the Piast dynasty's reign, opening a new chapter in the country's history under the Angevin rule.

November 17, 1370

Coronation of Louis I of Hungary

Louis I of Hungary, son of Charles Robert of Anjou and Elizabeth of Poland, was crowned King of Poland on November 17, 1370, at Wawel Cathedral. This event initiated the personal union between Poland and Hungary and brought significant changes to Poland's political system, including the famous Privilege of Koszyce in 1374.

September 17, 1374

Privilege of Košice

The Privilege of Košice from September 17, 1374, was a landmark document in medieval Polish history, issued by King Louis of Hungary in Košice. This document significantly changed the relationship between the monarch and the nobility, granting the latter numerous privileges, including tax exemptions and legal guarantees. This event laid the foundation for the development of noble democracy and the later political system of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

March 4, 1386

Coronation of Władysław Jagiełło

On March 4, 1386, the coronation of Władysław Jagiełło as King of Poland took place at Wawel Cathedral. This event initiated the Jagiellon dynasty and led to the creation of the Polish-Lithuanian Union, one of the largest states in medieval Europe.